Perbedaan Estimasi Volume Perdarahan Antara Metode Tes Hemoglobin Dengan Metode Visual Estimasi Pada Ibu Postpartum
Abstract
Error into account bleeding may contribute to an underestimation of the actual postpartum hemorrhage, postpartum hemorrhage late to recognize. This is especially prominent in order to deal with inadequate facilities where deliveries take place at home and the estimated blood loss using equipment that can not be trusted. In the order of these services, blood may be spilled on the floor, bags, and seep into the ground floor. In addition, estimates of maternal postpartum hemorrhage by midwives generally done by visual estimation, although the method is less accurate. In addition, it is often mixed with amniotic fluid and sometimes with urine, making it difficult to visually estimate by less skilled midwife. The purpose of research is to analyze the difference between the volume of bleeding hemoglobin test method with visual estimation. The population is pregnant women who entered the active phase of labor in BPM " Agustin Dwi Wahyuni ", in accordance with the specified inclusion criteria. Samples were taken from the majority population by purposive sampling, totaling 25. The instrument used to measure the hemoglobin level is HB meter "Family Doctor), the value of Hb levels during the first stage inpartu and Hb value after 2 hours post partum in g / dL. To find out the difference in volume between the test methods hemoglon bleeding by visual estimation used parametric statistical tests that the t-test, with significance α 0:05. The results were analyzed by t-test obtained t count 1,215 <t table 2,145, so it concluded that the differences in methods estimate the amount of bleeding did not lead to differences in the average estimate of the amount of bleeding at 2 hours postpartum.
Keywords: Hemoglobin Test, Visual Estimation
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References
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Natrajan PG, McGarrigle HH, Lawrence DM, Lachelin GC. 1982. Plasma noradrenaline and adrenaline levels in normal pregnancy and in pregnancy-induced hypertension. Br J Obstet Gynaecol.
Patel A, Goudar SS, Geller SE, Kodkany BS, Edlavitch SA, Wagh K, et al. 2006. Drape estimation vs. visual assessment for estimating postpartum hemorrhage. Int J Gynecol Obstet.
Rosner, 2006. Fundamental of Biostatistics. Sixt edition. USA. Duxbury.
Sacher, RA, and McPherson, RA. 2000. Widmann’s Clinical Interpretation of Laboratory Tests, ed 11. FA Davis, Philadelphia.
Sadaniantz A, Kocheril AG, Emaus SP, Garber CE, Parisi AF. 1992. Cardiovascular changes in pregnancy evaluated by two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiography. J Am Soc Echocardiogr.
Salas SP, Rosso P, Espinoza R, Robert JA, Valdes G, Donoso E. 1993. Maternal plasma volume expansion and hormonal changes in women with idiopathic fetal growth retardation. Obstet Gynecol.
Stafford I, Dildy GA, Clark SL, Belfort MA. 2008. Visually estimated and calculated blood loss in vaginal and cesarean delivery. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Thomsen JK, Fogh-Andersen N, Jaszczak P. 1994. Atrial natriuretic peptide, blood volume, aldosterone, and sodium excretion during twin pregnancy. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand.
Ueland K, Novy MJ, Metcalfe J. 1972. Hemodynamic responses of patients with heart disease to pregnancy and exercise. Am J Obstet Gynecol.
Ueland K. 1976. Maternal cardiovascular dynamics. VII. Intrapartum blood volume changes. Am J Obstet Gynecol.
World Health Organization (WHO). 2012. Recommendations on Prevention and Treatment of Postpartum Haemorrhage. Geneva: WHO.
World Health Organization, UNICEF, UNFPA, TheWorld Bank. 2010. Trends in Maternal Mortality: 1990 to 2008. Geneva: World Health Organization.
Yoshimura T, Yoshimura M, Yasue H, et al. 1994. Plasma concentration of atrial natriuretic peptide and brain natriuretic peptide during normal human pregnancy and the postpartum period. J Endocrinol.
Zhang WH, Deneux-Tharaux C, Brocklehurst P, Juszczak E, Joslin M, Alexander S, EUPHRATES Group. 2010. Effect of a collector bag for measurement of postpartum blood loss after vaginal delivery: cluster randomised trial in 13 European countries. BMJ.
AbouZahr C. 2003. Global burden of maternal death and disability. British Medical Bulletin.
August P, Lenz T, Ales KL, et al. 1990. Longitudinal study of the renin–angiotensin– aldosterone system in hypertensive pregnant women: deviations related to the development of superimposed preeclampsia. Am J Obstet Gynecol.
Borghi C, Esposti DD, Immordino V, et al. 2000. Relationship of systemic hemodynamics, left ventricular structure and function, and plasma natriuretic peptide concentrations during pregnancy complicated by preeclampsia. Am J Obstet Gynecol.
Bose P, Regan F, Paterson-Brown S. 2006. Improving the accuracy of estimated blood loss at obstetric haemorrhage using clinical reconstructions. BJOG: an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology.
Brant HA. 1967. Precise estimation of postpartum hemorrhage: Difficulties and importance. British Medical Journal.
Brown TCK, Fisk GC. 1979. Anesthesia for Children, Ist ed. Witham, Essex: Blackwell Scientific Publications.
Campos O. 1996. Doppler echocardiography during pregnancy: physiological and abnormal findings. Echocardiography.
Chua S, Ho LM, Vanaja K, Nordstrom L, Roy AC, Arulkumaran S. 1998. Validation of a laboratory method of measuring postpartum blood loss. Gynecol Obstet Invest.
Clark SL, Cotton DB, Lee W, et al. 1989. Central hemodynamic assessment of normal term pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol.
Condon R, Nyhus L. 1972. Manual of Surgical Therapeutics, 2nd ed. Boston: Little, Brown & Co.
Cunningham, F.G., Leveno, K.J., Bloom, S.L., Hauth, J.C., Rouse, D.J., & Spong, C. 2012. Williams obstetrics (24th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
Davison JM. 1987. Kidney function in pregnant women. Am J Kidney Dis.
Diaz V, Abalos E, Carroli G. 2014. Methods for blood loss estimation after vaginal birth (Protocol). The Cochrane Collaboration and published in The Cochrane Library, Issue 2. Published by JohnWiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi Jawa timur, 2013. Profil Kesehatan Provinsi Jawa Timur Tahun 2012. http://dinkes.jatimprov.go.id.
Driessen M, Bouvier-Colle MH, Dupont C, Khoshnood B, Rudigoz RC, Deneux-Tharaux C. 2011. Postpartum hemorrhage resulting from uterine atony after vaginal delivery: factors associated with severity. Obstetrics And Gynecology.
Duvekot JJ, Cheriex EC, Pieters FA, Menheere PP, Peeters LH. 1993. Early pregnancy changes in hemodynamics and volume homeostasis are consecutive adjustments triggered by a primary fall in systemic vascular tone. Am J Obstet Gynecol.
Elkus R, Popovich J Jr. 1992. Respiratory physiology in pregnancy. Clin Chest Med.
Geva T, Mauer MB, Striker L, Kirshon B, Pivarnik JM. 1997. Effects of physiologic load of pregnancy on left ventricular contractility and remodeling. Am Heart J.
Jansen AJ, leNoble PJ, Steegers EA, van Rhenen DJ, Duvekot JJ. 2007. Relationship between haemoglobin change and estimated blood loss after delivery. BJOG.
Jurkovic D, Jauniaux E, Kurjak A, Hustin J, Campbell S, Nicolaides KH. 1991. Transvaginal color Doppler assessment of the uteroplacental circulation in early pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol.
Katz R, Karliner JS, Resnik R. 1978. Effects of a natural volume overload state (pregnancy) on left ventricular performance in normal human subjects. Circulation.
Kementerian Kesehatan RI. 2014. Mother’s Day. Situasi Kesehatan Ibu. Pusat Data dan Informasi. Jakarta Selatan
Khan KS, Wojdyla D, Say L, Gülmezoglu AM, Van Look PFA. 2006. WHO analysis of causes of maternl death: a systematic review. Lancet.
Larsson C, Saltvedt S, Wiklund I, Pahlen S, Andolf E. 2006. Estimation of blood loss after cesarean section and vaginal delivery has low validity with a tendency to exaggeration. Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica.
Lewis G (Ed). 2007. The confidential enquiry into maternal and child health (CEMACH). Saving mothers’ lives: reviewing maternal deaths to make childhood safer: 2003–2005. The Seventh Report on Confidential Enquiries into Maternal Deaths in the United Kingdom. CEMACH London.
Lind T. 1985. Hematologic system. Maternal physiology. Washington: CREOG.
Mabie WC, DiSessa TG, Crocker LG, Sibai BM, Arheart KL. 1994. A longitudinal study of cardiac output in normal human pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol.
Manuaba,Ida Bagus Gde. (1998). Pengantar Kuliah Obstetri, Jakarta : EGC
Mone SM, Sanders SP, Colan SD. 1996. Control mechanisms for physiological hypertrophy of pregnancy. Circulation.
Natrajan PG, McGarrigle HH, Lawrence DM, Lachelin GC. 1982. Plasma noradrenaline and adrenaline levels in normal pregnancy and in pregnancy-induced hypertension. Br J Obstet Gynaecol.
Patel A, Goudar SS, Geller SE, Kodkany BS, Edlavitch SA, Wagh K, et al. 2006. Drape estimation vs. visual assessment for estimating postpartum hemorrhage. Int J Gynecol Obstet.
Rosner, 2006. Fundamental of Biostatistics. Sixt edition. USA. Duxbury.
Sacher, RA, and McPherson, RA. 2000. Widmann’s Clinical Interpretation of Laboratory Tests, ed 11. FA Davis, Philadelphia.
Sadaniantz A, Kocheril AG, Emaus SP, Garber CE, Parisi AF. 1992. Cardiovascular changes in pregnancy evaluated by two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiography. J Am Soc Echocardiogr.
Salas SP, Rosso P, Espinoza R, Robert JA, Valdes G, Donoso E. 1993. Maternal plasma volume expansion and hormonal changes in women with idiopathic fetal growth retardation. Obstet Gynecol.
Stafford I, Dildy GA, Clark SL, Belfort MA. 2008. Visually estimated and calculated blood loss in vaginal and cesarean delivery. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Thomsen JK, Fogh-Andersen N, Jaszczak P. 1994. Atrial natriuretic peptide, blood volume, aldosterone, and sodium excretion during twin pregnancy. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand.
Ueland K, Novy MJ, Metcalfe J. 1972. Hemodynamic responses of patients with heart disease to pregnancy and exercise. Am J Obstet Gynecol.
Ueland K. 1976. Maternal cardiovascular dynamics. VII. Intrapartum blood volume changes. Am J Obstet Gynecol.
World Health Organization (WHO). 2012. Recommendations on Prevention and Treatment of Postpartum Haemorrhage. Geneva: WHO.
World Health Organization, UNICEF, UNFPA, TheWorld Bank. 2010. Trends in Maternal Mortality: 1990 to 2008. Geneva: World Health Organization.
Yoshimura T, Yoshimura M, Yasue H, et al. 1994. Plasma concentration of atrial natriuretic peptide and brain natriuretic peptide during normal human pregnancy and the postpartum period. J Endocrinol.
Zhang WH, Deneux-Tharaux C, Brocklehurst P, Juszczak E, Joslin M, Alexander S, EUPHRATES Group. 2010. Effect of a collector bag for measurement of postpartum blood loss after vaginal delivery: cluster randomised trial in 13 European countries. BMJ.
How to Cite
PANGGAYUH, Ardi; JUPRIYONO, Jupriyono.
Perbedaan Estimasi Volume Perdarahan Antara Metode Tes Hemoglobin Dengan Metode Visual Estimasi Pada Ibu Postpartum.
Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan, [S.l.], v. 5, n. 2, p. 106 - 114, july 2017.
ISSN 2579-7301.
Available at: <https://ejurnaladhkdr.com/index.php/jik/article/view/141>. Date accessed: 30 oct. 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.32831/jik.v5i2.141.
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