PENGALAMAN DAN PERSEPSI TENAGA KESEHATAN DALAM PENERAPAN QUADRANT OF DIFFICULTY–USEFULNESS (QODU) PADA PERENCANAAN PROGRAM TUBERKULOSIS: STUDI KUALITATIF DI KABUPATEN JOMBANG
Abstract
Latar Belakang: Tuberkulosis (TBC) masih menjadi masalah kesehatan utama di Indonesia dengan beban kasus yang tinggi. Upaya perencanaan program yang lebih efektif diperlukan untuk mendukung pencapaian target eliminasi TBC. Salah satu pendekatan alternatif yang dapat digunakan adalah Quadrant of Difficulty–Usefulness (QoDU), yang memetakan prioritas program berdasarkan tingkat kesulitan dan kebermanfaatan. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggali pengalaman dan persepsi tenaga kesehatan mengenai penerapan metode QoDU dalam perencanaan program TBC di Puskesmas wilayah Kabupaten Jombang. Metode: Penelitian menggunakan desain kualitatif deskriptif. Informan adalah enam penanggung jawab program TBC yang dipilih secara purposif dari Puskesmas dengan capaian program berbeda. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam menggunakan panduan semi-terstruktur. Analisis dilakukan dengan pendekatan tematik melalui proses transkripsi, pengkodean, identifikasi tema, dan penyusunan subtema. Validitas temuan diperkuat dengan triangulasi data menggunakan dokumen perencanaan dan hasil kuantitatif sebelumnya. Hasil: Informan menyatakan QoDU membantu memvisualisasikan prioritas program secara sederhana dan praktis. Metode ini mempermudah diskusi lintas program, mengurangi subjektivitas, serta mempercepat pengambilan keputusan. Keterlibatan multipihak juga meningkatkan rasa memiliki terhadap hasil perencanaan. Kesimpulan: QoDU dinilai bermanfaat sebagai alat inovatif dalam perencanaan program TBC di Puskesmas dan berpotensi untuk diintegrasikan ke dalam sistem perencanaan kesehatan di layanan primer.
Kata kunci: Tuberkulosis, Perencanaan Program, Quadrant of Difficulty–Usefulness (QoDU), Persepsi Tenaga Kesehatan, Studi Kualitatif
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
References
Ahumada-Canale, A., Jeet, V., Bilgrami, A., Seil, E., Gu, Y., & Cutler, H. (2023). Barriers and facilitators to implementing priority setting and resource allocation tools in hospital decisions: A systematic review. Social Science & Medicine (1982), 322, 115790. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2023.115790
Alves, M., Seringa, J., Silvestre, T., & Magalhães, T. (2024). Use of Artificial Intelligence tools in supporting decision-making in hospital management. BMC Health Services Research, 24(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-024-11602-y
Asri, Mundakir, Yang, Y.-M., Priyanti, R. P., & Lee, B.-O. (2022). Experiences with Tuberculosis Management among Community-Based Care Providers in Indonesia: A Qualitative Study. Journal of Community Health Nursing, 39(4), 227–237. https://doi.org/10.1080/07370016.2022.2083915
Bakri, H. (2018). The planning of community health center in Indonesia. European Journal of Research and Reflection in Management Sciences, 6(3), 12–18.
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
Causio, F. A., Gandolfi, S., Kaur, J., Sert, B., Fakhfakh, M., De Angelis, L., Di Pumpo, M., Diedenhofen, G., Berionni, A., Rizzo, C., Cascini, F., Morita, P., & Mackey, T. (2025). Impact of Digital Health Interventions on Health Literacy: A Systematic Review with Quality Appraisal. MedRxiv, 2025.02.27.25323025. https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1186111366%0Ahttps://doi.org/10.1101/2025.02.27.25323025
Chi, C., Núñez, A., & Tuepker, A. (2022). From sharing voices to making decisions: The case for centring community ownership in evaluation of health programme planning and management. The International Journal of Health Planning and Management, 37 Suppl 1, 8–19. https://doi.org/10.1002/hpm.3571
Creswell, J., Sahu, S., Blok, L., Bakker, M. I., Stevens, R., & Ditiu, L. (2014). A multi-site evaluation of innovative approaches to increase tuberculosis case notification: summary results. PloS One, 9(4), e94465. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0094465
Goudarzi, Z., Bijlmakers, L., Nouhi, M., Jahangiri, R., Heydari, M., Simangolwa, W., Hakimzadeh, S. M., & Jara, K. T. (2023). Healthcare priority-setting criteria and social values in Iran: an investigation of local evidence. International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care, 39(1), e37. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0266462323000302
Guest, G., Namey, E. E., & Mitchell, M. L. (2017). Collecting Qualitative Data: A Field Manual for Applied Research. In Collecting Qualitative Data: A Field Manual for Applied Research. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781506374680
Kallio, H., Pietilä, A.-M., Johnson, M., & Kangasniemi, M. (2016). Systematic methodological review: developing a framework for a qualitative semi-structured interview guide. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 72(12), 2954–2965. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.13031
Kemenkes RI. (2020). Strategi Nasional Penanggulangan Tuberkulosis di Indonesia 2020-2024. Pertemuan Konsolidasi Nasional Penyusunan STRANAS TB, 135.
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2024). Laporan Program Penanggulangan TBC 2023.
Kementerian Sekretaris Negara. (2025). Peraturan Presiden RI No 12 Tahun 2025 Tentang Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Nasional Tahun 2025-2029. 1–7.
Kementrian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2023). KMK RI No HK.01.7/Menkes/2015/2023/ tentang Petunjuk Teknis Integrasi Pelayanan Kesehatan Primer. Kemenkes RI, 1–19. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84865607390&partnerID=tZOtx3y1%0Ahttp://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=2LIMMD9FVXkC&oi=fnd&pg=PR5&dq=Principles+of+Digital+Image+Processing+fundamental+techniques&ots=HjrHeuS_
Kok, M. C., Broerse, J. E. W., Theobald, S., Ormel, H., Dieleman, M., & Taegtmeyer, M. (2017). Performance of community health workers: situating their intermediary position within complex adaptive health systems. Human Resources for Health, 15(1), 59. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12960-017-0234-z
Kwete, X. J., Berhane, Y., Mwanyika-Sando, M., Oduola, A., Liu, Y., Workneh, F., Hagos, S., Killewo, J., Mosha, D., Chukwu, A., Salami, K., Yusuf, B., Tang, K., Zheng, Z. J., Atun, R., & Fawzi, W. (2021). Health priority-setting for official development assistance in low-income and middle-income countries: a Best Fit Framework Synthesis study with primary data from Ethiopia, Nigeria and Tanzania. BMC Public Health, 21(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-12205-6
Li, J., Yang, J., Feng, J., Xu, X., Xu, T., Zhou, M., Dong, W., & Zhang, Y. (2025). Feasibility and priority strategies for diabetes prevention and control in Chinese demonstration areas. Global Health Action, 18(1), 2543605. https://doi.org/10.1080/16549716.2025.2543605
Munywoki, J., Kagwanja, N., Chuma, J., Nzinga, J., Barasa, E., & Tsofa, B. (2020). Tracking health sector priority setting processes and outcomes for human resources for health, five-years after political devolution: A county-level case study in Kenya. International Journal for Equity in Health, 19(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12939-020-01284-3
Nugroho, H. S. W., Suparji, S., Sunarto, S., Handoyo, H., Yessimbekov, Z., Burhanuddin, N., & Selasa, P. (2020). Quadrant of difficulty-usefulness (QODU) as new method in preparing for improvement of e-learning in health college. Risk Management and Healthcare Policy, 13, 1625–1632. https://doi.org/10.2147/RMHP.S268814
Palinkas, L. A., Horwitz, S. M., Green, C. A., Wisdom, J. P., Duan, N., & Hoagwood, K. (2015). Purposeful Sampling for Qualitative Data Collection and Analysis in Mixed Method Implementation Research. Administration and Policy in Mental Health, 42(5), 533–544. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10488-013-0528-y
Patton, M. Q. (2015). Qualitative research & evaluation methods : integrating theory and practice / Michael Quinn Patton.—Fourth edition (Vol. 17). SAGE Publications, Inc.
Rasanathan, K., & Diaz, T. (2016). Research on health equity in the SDG era: the urgent need for greater focus on implementation. In International journal for equity in health (Vol. 15, Issue 1, p. 202). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12939-016-0493-7
Sukartini, B., Zakaria, A., Sutedja, A. A., & Mawarti, H. (2024). Prioritization of Problems in Public Health Programme Planning Using The Difficulty Usefulness Method : Scoping Review. 15(3), 396–406.
Sunarto, S., Nugroho, H., Suparji, S., & Santosa, B. (2024). Quadrant of difficulty and usefulness for prioritizing community-based disaster preparedness parameter elements. Rawal Medical Journal, 49(1), 172. https://doi.org/10.5455/rmj.20230918043333
WHO. (2024). 2024 Global tuberculosis report.
Alves, M., Seringa, J., Silvestre, T., & Magalhães, T. (2024). Use of Artificial Intelligence tools in supporting decision-making in hospital management. BMC Health Services Research, 24(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-024-11602-y
Asri, Mundakir, Yang, Y.-M., Priyanti, R. P., & Lee, B.-O. (2022). Experiences with Tuberculosis Management among Community-Based Care Providers in Indonesia: A Qualitative Study. Journal of Community Health Nursing, 39(4), 227–237. https://doi.org/10.1080/07370016.2022.2083915
Bakri, H. (2018). The planning of community health center in Indonesia. European Journal of Research and Reflection in Management Sciences, 6(3), 12–18.
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
Causio, F. A., Gandolfi, S., Kaur, J., Sert, B., Fakhfakh, M., De Angelis, L., Di Pumpo, M., Diedenhofen, G., Berionni, A., Rizzo, C., Cascini, F., Morita, P., & Mackey, T. (2025). Impact of Digital Health Interventions on Health Literacy: A Systematic Review with Quality Appraisal. MedRxiv, 2025.02.27.25323025. https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1186111366%0Ahttps://doi.org/10.1101/2025.02.27.25323025
Chi, C., Núñez, A., & Tuepker, A. (2022). From sharing voices to making decisions: The case for centring community ownership in evaluation of health programme planning and management. The International Journal of Health Planning and Management, 37 Suppl 1, 8–19. https://doi.org/10.1002/hpm.3571
Creswell, J., Sahu, S., Blok, L., Bakker, M. I., Stevens, R., & Ditiu, L. (2014). A multi-site evaluation of innovative approaches to increase tuberculosis case notification: summary results. PloS One, 9(4), e94465. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0094465
Goudarzi, Z., Bijlmakers, L., Nouhi, M., Jahangiri, R., Heydari, M., Simangolwa, W., Hakimzadeh, S. M., & Jara, K. T. (2023). Healthcare priority-setting criteria and social values in Iran: an investigation of local evidence. International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care, 39(1), e37. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0266462323000302
Guest, G., Namey, E. E., & Mitchell, M. L. (2017). Collecting Qualitative Data: A Field Manual for Applied Research. In Collecting Qualitative Data: A Field Manual for Applied Research. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781506374680
Kallio, H., Pietilä, A.-M., Johnson, M., & Kangasniemi, M. (2016). Systematic methodological review: developing a framework for a qualitative semi-structured interview guide. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 72(12), 2954–2965. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.13031
Kemenkes RI. (2020). Strategi Nasional Penanggulangan Tuberkulosis di Indonesia 2020-2024. Pertemuan Konsolidasi Nasional Penyusunan STRANAS TB, 135.
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2024). Laporan Program Penanggulangan TBC 2023.
Kementerian Sekretaris Negara. (2025). Peraturan Presiden RI No 12 Tahun 2025 Tentang Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Nasional Tahun 2025-2029. 1–7.
Kementrian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2023). KMK RI No HK.01.7/Menkes/2015/2023/ tentang Petunjuk Teknis Integrasi Pelayanan Kesehatan Primer. Kemenkes RI, 1–19. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84865607390&partnerID=tZOtx3y1%0Ahttp://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=2LIMMD9FVXkC&oi=fnd&pg=PR5&dq=Principles+of+Digital+Image+Processing+fundamental+techniques&ots=HjrHeuS_
Kok, M. C., Broerse, J. E. W., Theobald, S., Ormel, H., Dieleman, M., & Taegtmeyer, M. (2017). Performance of community health workers: situating their intermediary position within complex adaptive health systems. Human Resources for Health, 15(1), 59. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12960-017-0234-z
Kwete, X. J., Berhane, Y., Mwanyika-Sando, M., Oduola, A., Liu, Y., Workneh, F., Hagos, S., Killewo, J., Mosha, D., Chukwu, A., Salami, K., Yusuf, B., Tang, K., Zheng, Z. J., Atun, R., & Fawzi, W. (2021). Health priority-setting for official development assistance in low-income and middle-income countries: a Best Fit Framework Synthesis study with primary data from Ethiopia, Nigeria and Tanzania. BMC Public Health, 21(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-12205-6
Li, J., Yang, J., Feng, J., Xu, X., Xu, T., Zhou, M., Dong, W., & Zhang, Y. (2025). Feasibility and priority strategies for diabetes prevention and control in Chinese demonstration areas. Global Health Action, 18(1), 2543605. https://doi.org/10.1080/16549716.2025.2543605
Munywoki, J., Kagwanja, N., Chuma, J., Nzinga, J., Barasa, E., & Tsofa, B. (2020). Tracking health sector priority setting processes and outcomes for human resources for health, five-years after political devolution: A county-level case study in Kenya. International Journal for Equity in Health, 19(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12939-020-01284-3
Nugroho, H. S. W., Suparji, S., Sunarto, S., Handoyo, H., Yessimbekov, Z., Burhanuddin, N., & Selasa, P. (2020). Quadrant of difficulty-usefulness (QODU) as new method in preparing for improvement of e-learning in health college. Risk Management and Healthcare Policy, 13, 1625–1632. https://doi.org/10.2147/RMHP.S268814
Palinkas, L. A., Horwitz, S. M., Green, C. A., Wisdom, J. P., Duan, N., & Hoagwood, K. (2015). Purposeful Sampling for Qualitative Data Collection and Analysis in Mixed Method Implementation Research. Administration and Policy in Mental Health, 42(5), 533–544. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10488-013-0528-y
Patton, M. Q. (2015). Qualitative research & evaluation methods : integrating theory and practice / Michael Quinn Patton.—Fourth edition (Vol. 17). SAGE Publications, Inc.
Rasanathan, K., & Diaz, T. (2016). Research on health equity in the SDG era: the urgent need for greater focus on implementation. In International journal for equity in health (Vol. 15, Issue 1, p. 202). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12939-016-0493-7
Sukartini, B., Zakaria, A., Sutedja, A. A., & Mawarti, H. (2024). Prioritization of Problems in Public Health Programme Planning Using The Difficulty Usefulness Method : Scoping Review. 15(3), 396–406.
Sunarto, S., Nugroho, H., Suparji, S., & Santosa, B. (2024). Quadrant of difficulty and usefulness for prioritizing community-based disaster preparedness parameter elements. Rawal Medical Journal, 49(1), 172. https://doi.org/10.5455/rmj.20230918043333
WHO. (2024). 2024 Global tuberculosis report.
Published
2025-11-30
How to Cite
SUKARTINI, Binti; MAWARTI, Herin; ZAKARIA, Achmad.
PENGALAMAN DAN PERSEPSI TENAGA KESEHATAN DALAM PENERAPAN QUADRANT OF DIFFICULTY–USEFULNESS (QODU) PADA PERENCANAAN PROGRAM TUBERKULOSIS: STUDI KUALITATIF DI KABUPATEN JOMBANG.
Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan, [S.l.], v. 14, n. 1, p. 80 - 93, nov. 2025.
ISSN 2579-7301.
Available at: <https://ejurnaladhkdr.com/index.php/jik/article/view/921>. Date accessed: 03 mar. 2026.
doi: https://doi.org/10.32831/jik.v14i1.921.
Section
Articles
